Environmental pollution

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light. the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution.  

biological diversity.

Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species)  within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be highest near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity.

Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is the richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time but will be likely to slow in the future.

Causes of the loss of  biological  

The important biological causes of the loss of biological diversity include the loss of habitats, the introduction of exotic species, over-harvesting of biodiversity resources, and homogenisation of species in agriculture. The common factor of all elements in Original is That They are human-driven. This paper Analyzes the economic and social root causes behind biodiversity loss. The analysis is based on theoretical considerations and Both case studies. It entails three axes:

• Demographic change: from a theoretical, Although point of view the relation Between population pressure and the impact on biodiversity is Almost obvious, no systematic Attempt has-been made so far to analyze esta relationship in a quantitative way.

• Consumption and production patterns: Increases overall consumption of energy and the use of resources Natural habitat conversion drive world-wide. In This part of the analysis, special attention is paid to economic growth, poverty and land tenure aspectos, as causes of biodiversity loss.

• Public Policies entail three major elements: Policies That Provide perverse incentives Which degrade biodiversity, failure to Incorporate the monetary value of biodiversity into decision making and failure to integrate biodiversity as a transversal element Concerns into policy

Problems of Biological Diversity in Venezuela and the Region.

An environmental problem is defined as any undesirable situation in environment, which requires human action to diagnose, manage and correct. As the various components make up a complex system environment  in equilibrium; the alteration or degradation of one of these elements, can bring the effect of breaking the natural dynamics. The effects of  human interventions have a local effect also manifests   far beyond the site targeted by the intervention causing changes to   globally, an example of this are acid rain, the greenhouse effect,  global warming.

The deterioration of the environment has been, in recent years, an issue of paramount importance to first world countries. Ironically, in Venezuela country that has been classified as one of six "megadiverse" countries of Latin America, considered among the top ten places in the world for biodiversity conservation debate on environmental issues has not collected the same effect.

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